Acid Base Practice Questions…and Answers
Study in PBL want some more practice Acid/Base questions, so here you go. Practice Questions: Lagniappe Answers:Lagniappe-key -Adrian Baudy
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Study in PBL want some more practice Acid/Base questions, so here you go. Practice Questions: Lagniappe Answers:Lagniappe-key -Adrian Baudy
How does alkali therapy prevent further progression of CKD? A.) Decreases protein reabsorption B.) Decrease renal blood pressure C.) Decreases interstitial inflammation and complement activation D.) Increases renal perfusion Explanation There have been several studies now to support the use of bicarbonate therapy in CKD to prevent progression. On of the larger studies done by Brito-Ashurst…
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History of NS vs LR In the great fluid infusion debate internist have favored normal saline, while surgeons have preferred lactated ringers. It looks like our surgeon friends may have gotten it right. Normal saline was never actually “invented” to be a volume replacement therapy. Wikipedia reports that it was discovered in 1831 by William…
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In the world of critical care medicine sepsis with subsequent Type A Lactic Acidosis (fig 1.) is a common occurrence. And of course the question of should the patient be dialysis for acidosis (the A in AEIOU for emergent dialysis again) arises. This is a difficult answer and one that should be evaluated on a…
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Here is a quick review of how the “chloride shunt” first described by Batlle et al in 1981 occurs. This can cause a voltage-dependent type of hyperkalemic distal renal tubular acidosis. In the cortical collecting duct, Na+ enters from the tubular lumen into the principal cell through the epithelial Na+ channel, ENaC. This electrogenic transport…
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So while reading AJKD I found the GOLDMARK mnemonic for anion gap metabolic acidosis by Ankit Mehta, Joshua and Micheal Emmett . It’s simple and works well, and I think it’s useful for hitting all the major causes of AGMA. I got tired of telling med students and residents to use propylene glycol instead of…
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Here is the latest board review from last Friday. Most of the questions of from NephSAP, with only 2-3 created by me. The plan is to post Nephrology Board-like questions to help prepare fellows for the in-service exam and national exam. -Adrian
Here is a great review of when the anion gap goes wrong. It goes thought the pitfalls of the serum anion gap and delta delta (aka delta) gap. Overall they are still great inexpensive clinical tools that can help evaluate acid base abnormalities. Serum Anion Gap:Uses and Limitations
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